Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL or sudden deafness) is a rapid, unexplained loss of hearing, which can happen either all at once or gradually over a period of hours to a few days. While these losses are almost always unilateral (affecting one ear only), they can in rare cases be bilateral (impacting both ears). SSNHL typically concerns the inner ear (cochlea) or auditory nerve which are responsible for transmitting sounds to the brain. The hearing loss may or may not improve over time.
The main symptom of SSNHL is a noticeable, sudden loss in hearing. People may describe:
The main symptom of SSNHL is a noticeable, sudden loss in hearing. People may describe:
While the exact cause of SSNHL is often unclear, there are several factors that may contribute including:
Viral Infections
Viruses are a common suspected cause of SSNHL. They can affect the inner ear or auditory nerve, leading to inflammation and hearing loss. Viruses such as those causing colds, flu, or even shingles can sometimes trigger a SSNHL.
Ototoxic Medications
Certain medications, known as ototoxic drugs, can damage the inner ear and lead to hearing loss (such as certain antibiotics or chemotherapy drugs).
Autoimmune Diseases
Certain autoimmune conditions can affect the ear as the body’s immune system may mistakenly attack its own tissues.
Trauma or Injury
Although SSNHL can occur without any obvious injury, physical trauma or exposure to loud noises might sometimes trigger hearing loss in one ear. Head injuries or sudden loud sounds, such as explosions, can damage the delicate structures of the ear.
Unknown/Idiopathic
In many cases, the exact cause of SSNHL cannot be identified and so are referred to as idiopathic SSNHL.
If you experience sudden hearing loss, it is important to urgently consult a doctor, ideally an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist (ENT) or an audiologist. Diagnosis typically involves:
The prognosis for SSNHL varies. Some people recover their hearing fully or partially over time, especially if treatment is started early. Recovery may take weeks or even months. However, for many individuals, the hearing loss is permanent. If the hearing loss persists, individuals may need to consider a hearing device, and/or counselling for tinnitus management.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) is a serious and often alarming condition, but with prompt medical attention, there may be opportunities for recovery. While SSNHL is often idiopathic (no clear cause), early treatment may improve the chances of recovery. Additionally, ruling out other potential causes (such as tumors or infections) is crucial for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. If you or someone you know experiences a sudden loss in hearing, don’t hesitate to contact your doctor for an evaluation.
Should you be interested in a full hearing assessment with Northern Beaches Audiology, contact the clinic on (02) 9982 3439.
Level 2, Suite 4205, 834 Pittwater Road
Dee Why Grand Commercial Tower NSW 2099
Office opening hours are between 8:30am to 4:30pm
Please call to make an appointment.
Office opening hours are between 8:30am to 4:30pm
Please call to make an appointment.